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| Choose the first letter to select required country: Geography Of Iran
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| Location | Middle East, bordering the Gulf of Oman, the Persian Gulf, and the Caspian Sea, between Iraq and Pakistan |
| Geographic coordinates | 32 00 N, 53 00 E |
| Map references | middle_east |
| Area |
total: 1.648 million sq km land: 1.636 million sq km water: 12,000 sq km |
| Area comparative | slightly larger than Alaska |
| Land boundaries |
total: 5,440 km border countries: afghanistan 936 km, armenia 35 km, azerbaijan-proper 432 km, azerbaijan-naxcivan exclave 179 km, iraq 1,458 km, pakistan 909 km, turkey 499 km, turkmenistan 992 km |
| Coastline | 2,440 km; note - Iran also borders the Caspian Sea (740 km) |
| Maritime claims |
territorial sea: 12 nm continental shelf: natural prolongation contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: bilateral agreements or median lines in the persian gulf |
| Climate | mostly arid or semiarid, subtropical along Caspian coast |
| Terrain | rugged, mountainous rim; high, central basin with deserts, mountains; small, discontinuous plains along both coasts |
| Elevation extremes |
lowest point: caspian sea -28 m highest point: kuh-e damavand 5,671 m |
| Natural resources | petroleum, natural gas, coal, chromium, copper, iron ore, lead, manganese, zinc, sulfur |
| Land use |
arable land: 8.72% permanent crops: 1.39% other: 89.89% (2001) |
| Irrigated land | 75,620 sq km (1998 est.) |
| Natural hazards | periodic droughts, floods; dust storms, sandstorms; earthquakes |
| Environment - current issues | air pollution, especially in urban areas, from vehicle emissions, refinery operations, and industrial effluents; deforestation; overgrazing; desertification; oil pollution in the Persian Gulf; wetland losses from drought; soil degradation (salination); inadequate supplies of potable water; water pollution from raw sewage and industrial waste; urbanization |
| Environment - international agreements |
party to: biodiversity, climate change, desertification, endangered species, hazardous wastes, marine dumping, ozone layer protection, wetlands signed, but not ratified: environmental modification, law of the sea, marine life conservation |
| Geography note | strategic location on the Persian Gulf and Strait of Hormuz, which are vital maritime pathways for crude oil transport |
Introduction and Background to Iran | People Of Iran | Government Of Iran | Economy Of Iran | Communications Of Iran | Transportation Of Iran | Military Of Iran | Transnational Issues Of Iran
Iranian Flag Map Of Iran Azerbaijani language Hazaragi language Kurdish language Persian language
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