| Location |
Northern Europe, islands between the Arctic Ocean, Barents Sea, Greenland Sea, and Norwegian Sea, north of Norway |
| Geographic coordinates |
78 00 N, 20 00 E |
| Map references |
arctic |
| Area |
total: 62,049 sq km
note: includes spitsbergen and bjornoya (bear island)
water: 0 sq km
land: 62,049 sq km |
| Area comparative |
slightly smaller than West Virginia |
| Land boundaries |
0 km |
| Coastline |
3,587 km |
| Maritime claims |
territorial sea: 4 nm
exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm unilaterally claimed by norway but not recognized by russia |
| Climate |
arctic, tempered by warm North Atlantic Current; cool summers, cold winters; North Atlantic Current flows along west and north coasts of Spitsbergen, keeping water open and navigable most of the year |
| Terrain |
wild, rugged mountains; much of high land ice covered; west coast clear of ice about one-half of the year; fjords along west and north coasts |
| Elevation extremes |
lowest point: arctic ocean 0 m
highest point: newtontoppen 1,717 m |
| Natural resources |
coal, iron ore, copper, zinc, phosphate, wildlife, fish |
| Land use |
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (no trees, and the only bushes are crowberry and cloudberry) (2001) |
| Irrigated land |
NA sq km |
| Natural hazards |
ice floes often block the entrance to Bellsund (a transit point for coal export) on the west coast and occasionally make parts of the northeastern coast inaccessible to maritime traffic |
| Environment - current issues |
NA |
| Environment - international agreements |
|
| Geography note |
northernmost part of the Kingdom of Norway; consists of nine main islands; glaciers and snowfields cover 60% of the total area |