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| Economy overview | Uzbekistan is a dry, landlocked country of which 11% consists of intensely cultivated, irrigated river valleys. More than 60% of its population lives in densely populated rural communities. Uzbekistan is now the world's second-largest cotton exporter, a large producer of gold and oil, and a regionally significant producer of chemicals and machinery. Following independence in December 1991, the government sought to prop up its Soviet-style command economy with subsidies and tight controls on production and prices. Uzbekistan responded to the negative external conditions generated by the Asian and Russian financial crises by emphasizing import substitute industrialization and by tightening export and currency controls within its already largely closed economy. The government, while aware of the need to improve the investment climate, sponsors measures that often increase, not decrease, the government's control over business decisions. A sharp increase in the inequality of income distribution has hurt the lower ranks of society since independence. |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $43.99 billion (2004 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | 3.1% (2004 est.) |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $1,700 (2004 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector |
agriculture: 38% industry: 26.3% services: 35.7% (2003 est.) |
| Investment gross fixed | |
| Population below poverty line | NA (2004 est.) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share |
lowest 10%: 1.2% highest 10%: 32.8% (1998) |
| Distribution of family income - Gini index | 44.7 (1998) |
| Inflation rate consumer prices | 13.1% (2004 est.) |
| Labor force | 14.2 million (2004 est.) |
| Labor force by occupation | agriculture 44%, industry 20%, services 36% (1995) |
| Unemployment rate | 0.5% plus another 20% underemployed (2004 est.) |
| Budget |
revenues: $2.176 billion expenditures: $2.207 billion, including capital expenditures of na (2004 est.) |
| Public debt | 42.3% of GDP (2004 est.) |
| Agriculture products | cotton, vegetables, fruits, grain; livestock |
| Industries | textiles, food processing, machine building, metallurgy, natural gas, chemicals |
| Industrial production growth rate | 6.2% (2003 est.) |
| Electricity production | 44.49 billion kWh (2001) |
| Electricity production by source |
fossil fuel: 88.2% hydro: 11.8% other: 0% (2001) nuclear: 0% |
| Electricity consumption | 47.07 billion kWh (2001) |
| Electricity exports | 3.998 billion kWh (2001) |
| Electricity imports | 9.7 billion kWh (2001) |
| Oil production | 142,700 bbl/day (2004 est.) |
| Oil consumption | 142,000 bbl/day (2001 est.) |
| Oil exports | NA (2001) |
| Oil imports | NA (2001) |
| Oil proved reserves | 297 million bbl (1 January 2002) |
| Natural gas production | 63.1 billion cu m (2001 est.) |
| Natural gas consumption | 45.2 billion cu m (2001 est.) |
| Natural gas exports | 17.9 billion cu m (2001 est.) |
| Natural gas imports | 0 cu m (2001 est.) |
| Natural gas proved reserves | 937.3 billion cu m (1 January 2002) |
| Current account balance | $462 million (2004 est.) |
| Exports | $2.83 billion f.o.b. (2004 est.) |
| Exports commodities | cotton 41.5%, gold 9.6%, energy products 9.6%, mineral fertilizers, ferrous metals, textiles, food products, automobiles (1998 est.) |
| Exports partners | Russia 22.4%, China 9.3%, Ukraine 7.5%, Tajikistan 6.2%, Bangladesh 4.7%, Turkey 4.6%, Japan 4.3%, Kazakhstan 4.2%, US 4.1% (2003) |
| Imports | $2.31 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.) |
| Imports commodities | machinery and equipment 49.8%, foodstuffs 16.4%, chemicals, metals (1998 est.) |
| Imports partners | Russia 22.3%, US 11.4%, South Korea 11%, Germany 9.5%, China 6.5%, Kazakhstan 6.1%, Turkey 6.1% (2003) |
| Reserves of foreign exchange gold | $1.286 billion (2004 est.) |
| Debt external | $4.384 billion (2004 est.) |
| Economic aid recipient | $87.4 million from the US (2003) |
| Currency | Uzbekistani sum (UZS) |
| Currency code | UZS |
| Exchange rates | Uzbekistani sums per US dollar - 115.9 (2003), 125.3 (2002), NA (2001), 236.608 (2000), 124.625 (1999) |
| Fiscal year | calendar year |
Introduction and Background to Uzbekistan | Geography Of Uzbekistan | People Of Uzbekistan | Government Of Uzbekistan | Communications Of Uzbekistan | Transportation Of Uzbekistan | Military Of Uzbekistan | Transnational Issues Of Uzbekistan
Uzbekistani Flag Map Of Uzbekistan Karakalpak language
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