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From Kenneth Beare, English Capitalization Rules This guide to capitalization rules is especially for ESL students. It contains clear explanations for each rule with simple examples of correct sentences. Once you understand these rules, try the capitalization rules quiz to test yourself. Examples: There is something wrong with this cheese. Capitalize the pronoun "I" Examples: He asked me where I had bought my jacket. Capitalize proper nouns Examples: I visited California on my vacation. There are many special rules concerning proper nouns. Generally, Proper nouns refer to specific people, places, things, pets, organizations, etc. Remember to always capitalize the name of someone or something. Here are some specific rules to follow: Capitalize North, South, East, and West when contained in the name of a place (state, country, etc.) but not when used for giving directions. My friend lives in South Carolina.
Incorrect Examples: She lives in Southern Europe. SHOULD BE She lives in southern Europe.
Capitalize the group name of members of an organization The Neighborhood Players are presenting a musical next week.
Capitalize company trademarks (product names) My niece loves Converse shoes.
Capitalize common names of periods of time in history The Psychedelic Sixties were pretty groovy baby!
Capitalize specific events I went to the Tomato Growers Conference in Salinas last weekend.
Capitalize acronyms which refer to specific names I prefer to watch PBS tv whenever possible.
Common nouns may be capitalized when used as names for the entire class of something. Some feel that Man is destined for outerspace!
Names of gods are capitalized, including Allah, Vishnu, and God. The word god is generally not capitalized if it is used to refer to the generic idea of a deity, nor is it capitalized when it refers to multiple gods. Wotan is one of the gods in Wagner's Ring Cycle.
Capitalize days of the week, holidays, and months of the year. Do not capitalize seasons. She flew to Dallas in September.
Incorrect Examples: I love skiing in Winter. SHOULD BE I love skiing in winter. Capitalize countries, languages, and nationalities (adjective form of a specific country) Examples: I lived in Italy for over 10 years. Capitalize family relationships when used in place of a name Examples: Have you given Mom her present yet? Capitalize titles that come before names. Do not capitalize titles that follow names. Correct Examples: The soldier wrote to General Smith and asked for advice. Incorrect Examples: George Washington was the first President of the United States. SHOULD BE George Washington was the first president of the United States. Capitalize letter salutations (openings) and closings Examples: Dear Mr. Smith, Special Capitalization Issues Capitalize the first word in a quote. This is true even if the quote occurs in the middle of a sentence. Examples: The last time I talked to Peter he said, "Study hard and get to bed early!" Capitalize content words in titles. Remember that content words include nouns, pronouns, principal verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. Examples: Rainy Days and Mondays Capitalize the first word in each line of poetry Roses are red English Translation Articles: English Translation :: Do or Make Explained :: Commonly Confused Word Pairs :: American English and British English :: English Auxiliary Verbs :: English Capitalization
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